How to formulate machining process route

As a manufacturer of prototypes, we have advanced CNC equipment, and we are very good at processing workpieces with complex structures. Before the workpiece is put on the machine, the engineer usually simulates the machining process route. The principles for reference are as follows: Principles for formulating the process route for machined parts 1. Principles for formulating the process route for machined parts. It is processed first, so as to provide a benchmark for the processing of subsequent processes as soon as possible. 2. The principle of dividing the machining process route of the processing stage When processing the surface with high quality requirements, the processing stage is usually divided into three stages: rough machining, semi-finishing machining and finishing machining. The main purpose of doing this is to ensure the processing quality; increase the reasonable utilization rate of machine tools; provide convenience for the arrangement of heat treatment procedures; and facilitate the early detection of defects in blanks, etc. 3. The principle of the machining process route of face first and then hole. For parts such as shells, brackets and connecting rods, the plane should be processed first and then the holes should be processed. In this way, the machining hole can be positioned on the plane, the position accuracy of the plane and the hole can be ensured, and the processing of the hole on the plane can be facilitated. 4. The finishing process should be arranged in the final stage of the machining process route. The finishing process of the main surface, such as grinding, honing, fine grinding, rolling processing and other machining processes, should be carried out in the final stage of the machining process route. When the surface roughness of the workpiece after processing is lower than Ra 0.8, a slight collision will damage the surface. After the workpiece is finished, it is usually not allowed to directly touch the workpiece with hands or other objects, so as to avoid damage to the surface due to the transfer between processes and the installation between workpieces. After introducing the general situation of machining process arrangement, and then introducing some specific situations, they can be handled according to the following principles. Things to consider when formulating the processing route 1. It is necessary to consider roughing and finishing separately because when the workpiece is roughed, the cutting amount of the tool is large, and the workpiece will bear a large cutting force and clamping force. The surface of the workpiece A lot of heat will be generated, which will cause significant work hardening on the surface of the workpiece. At this time, there will be a lot of internal stress inside the workpiece. If roughing and finishing are carried out continuously, the internal stress of the finished part will be redistributed, which will cause the dimensional accuracy of the workpiece to be out of tolerance. For some parts with high precision requirements, low-temperature annealing or aging treatment is usually arranged after rough machining and before finishing, so as to eliminate the internal stress of the parts. 2. Reasonable selection of equipment should be considered. Rough machining is mainly to cut off the machining allowance of the workpiece. The requirements for machining accuracy are not very high, so rough machining should be carried out on machine tools with high power and low precision. The finishing process requires high machining accuracy of the machine tool. Rough machining and finishing machining are respectively arranged on different machine tools for processing, which can not only make full use of equipment capabilities, but also prolong the service life of precision machine tools. 3. In the machining process route, the heat treatment process is often arranged. The arrangement of the heat treatment process position can be referred to as follows: ①Annealing, normalizing, quenching and tempering treatment before machining can improve the cutting performance of metals; ②In rough machining Afterwards, aging treatment, quenching and tempering treatment, etc., can eliminate the internal stress of the workpiece, before finishing; ③ Carburizing, quenching, tempering, etc. after machining can improve the mechanical properties of the parts. If the workpiece is significantly deformed after heat treatment, it is necessary to arrange a final machining operation next. When summarizing the machining process of parts, due to the different production types of parts, the processing methods, machine tools, measuring tools, blanks and technical requirements for workers are very different.